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<li class="breadcrumb-item active">Banana Pi BPI-M2U (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bpim2u</span></code>)</li>
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<section id="banana-pi-bpi-m2u-bpim2u">
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<h1>Banana Pi BPI-M2U (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bpim2u</span></code>)<a class="headerlink" href="#banana-pi-bpi-m2u-bpim2u" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
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<p>Banana Pi BPI-M2 Ultra is a quad-core mini single board computer built with
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Allwinner A40i/R40/V40 SoC. It features 2GB of RAM and 8GB eMMC. It also
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has onboard WiFi and BT. On the ports side, the BPI-M2 Ultra has 2 USB A
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2.0 ports, 1 USB OTG port, 1 HDMI port, 1 audio jack, a DC power port,
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and last but not least, a SATA port.</p>
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<section id="supported-devices">
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<h2>Supported devices<a class="headerlink" href="#supported-devices" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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<p>The Banana Pi M2U machine supports the following devices:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<div><ul class="simple">
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<li><p>SMP (Quad Core Cortex-A7)</p></li>
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<li><p>Generic Interrupt Controller configuration</p></li>
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<li><p>SRAM mappings</p></li>
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<li><p>SDRAM controller</p></li>
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<li><p>Timer device (re-used from Allwinner A10)</p></li>
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<li><p>UART</p></li>
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<li><p>SD/MMC storage controller</p></li>
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<li><p>EMAC ethernet</p></li>
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<li><p>GMAC ethernet</p></li>
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<li><p>Clock Control Unit</p></li>
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<li><p>TWI (I2C)</p></li>
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</ul>
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</div></blockquote>
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</section>
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<section id="limitations">
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<h2>Limitations<a class="headerlink" href="#limitations" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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||
<p>Currently, Banana Pi M2U does <em>not</em> support the following features:</p>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><p>Graphical output via HDMI, GPU and/or the Display Engine</p></li>
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<li><p>Audio output</p></li>
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<li><p>Hardware Watchdog</p></li>
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<li><p>Real Time Clock</p></li>
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<li><p>USB 2.0 interfaces</p></li>
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</ul>
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<p>Also see the ‘unimplemented’ array in the Allwinner R40 SoC module
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for a complete list of unimplemented I/O devices: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">./hw/arm/allwinner-r40.c</span></code></p>
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</section>
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<section id="boot-options">
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<h2>Boot options<a class="headerlink" href="#boot-options" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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<p>The Banana Pi M2U machine can start using the standard -kernel functionality
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for loading a Linux kernel or ELF executable. Additionally, the Banana Pi M2U
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machine can also emulate the BootROM which is present on an actual Allwinner R40
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based SoC, which loads the bootloader from a SD card, specified via the -sd
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argument to qemu-system-arm.</p>
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</section>
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<section id="running-mainline-linux">
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<h2>Running mainline Linux<a class="headerlink" href="#running-mainline-linux" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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<p>To build a Linux mainline kernel that can be booted by the Banana Pi M2U machine,
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simply configure the kernel using the sunxi_defconfig configuration:</p>
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<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ARCH</span><span class="o">=</span>arm<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">CROSS_COMPILE</span><span class="o">=</span>arm-linux-gnueabi-<span class="w"> </span>make<span class="w"> </span>mrproper
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$<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ARCH</span><span class="o">=</span>arm<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">CROSS_COMPILE</span><span class="o">=</span>arm-linux-gnueabi-<span class="w"> </span>make<span class="w"> </span>sunxi_defconfig
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>To boot the newly build linux kernel in QEMU with the Banana Pi M2U machine, use:</p>
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<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>qemu-system-arm<span class="w"> </span>-M<span class="w"> </span>bpim2u<span class="w"> </span>-nographic<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
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<span class="w"> </span>-kernel<span class="w"> </span>/path/to/linux/arch/arm/boot/zImage<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
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<span class="w"> </span>-append<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'console=ttyS0,115200'</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
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<span class="w"> </span>-dtb<span class="w"> </span>/path/to/linux/arch/arm/boot/dts/sun8i-r40-bananapi-m2-ultra.dtb
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</section>
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<section id="banana-pi-m2u-images">
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<h2>Banana Pi M2U images<a class="headerlink" href="#banana-pi-m2u-images" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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<p>Note that the mainline kernel does not have a root filesystem. You can choose
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to build you own image with buildroot using the bananapi_m2_ultra_defconfig.
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Also see <a class="reference external" href="https://buildroot.org">https://buildroot.org</a> for more information.</p>
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<p>Another possibility is to run an OpenWrt image for Banana Pi M2U which
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can be downloaded from:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<div><p><a class="reference external" href="https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/22.03.3/targets/sunxi/cortexa7/">https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/22.03.3/targets/sunxi/cortexa7/</a></p>
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||
</div></blockquote>
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||
<p>When using an image as an SD card, it must be resized to a power of two. This can be
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||
done with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">qemu-img</span></code> command. It is recommended to only increase the image size
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||
instead of shrinking it to a power of two, to avoid loss of data. For example,
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||
to prepare a downloaded Armbian image, first extract it and then increase
|
||
its size to one gigabyte as follows:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>qemu-img<span class="w"> </span>resize<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
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||
<span class="w"> </span>openwrt-22.03.3-sunxi-cortexa7-sinovoip_bananapi-m2-ultra-ext4-sdcard.img<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>1G
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||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Instead of providing a custom Linux kernel via the -kernel command you may also
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||
choose to let the Banana Pi M2U machine load the bootloader from SD card, just like
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||
a real board would do using the BootROM. Simply pass the selected image via the -sd
|
||
argument and remove the -kernel, -append, -dbt and -initrd arguments:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>qemu-system-arm<span class="w"> </span>-M<span class="w"> </span>bpim2u<span class="w"> </span>-nic<span class="w"> </span>user<span class="w"> </span>-nographic<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>-sd<span class="w"> </span>openwrt-22.03.3-sunxi-cortexa7-sinovoip_bananapi-m2-ultra-ext4-sdcard.img
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="running-u-boot">
|
||
<h2>Running U-Boot<a class="headerlink" href="#running-u-boot" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>U-Boot mainline can be build and configured using the Bananapi_M2_Ultra_defconfig
|
||
using similar commands as describe above for Linux. Note that it is recommended
|
||
for development/testing to select the following configuration setting in U-Boot:</p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<div><p>Device Tree Control > Provider for DTB for DT Control > Embedded DTB</p>
|
||
</div></blockquote>
|
||
<p>The BootROM of allwinner R40 loading u-boot from the 8KiB offset of sdcard.
|
||
Let’s create an bootable disk image:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>dd<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="o">=</span>/dev/zero<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">of</span><span class="o">=</span>sd.img<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">bs</span><span class="o">=</span>32M<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">count</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span>
|
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$<span class="w"> </span>dd<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="o">=</span>u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">of</span><span class="o">=</span>sd.img<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">bs</span><span class="o">=</span>1k<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">seek</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">8</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">conv</span><span class="o">=</span>notrunc
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>And then boot it.</p>
|
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<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span>qemu-system-arm<span class="w"> </span>-M<span class="w"> </span>bpim2u<span class="w"> </span>-nographic<span class="w"> </span>-sd<span class="w"> </span>sd.img
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="banana-pi-m2u-integration-tests">
|
||
<h2>Banana Pi M2U integration tests<a class="headerlink" href="#banana-pi-m2u-integration-tests" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
|
||
<p>The Banana Pi M2U machine has several integration tests included.
|
||
To run the whole set of tests, build QEMU from source and simply
|
||
provide the following command:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">cd</span><span class="w"> </span>qemu-build-dir
|
||
$<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">AVOCADO_ALLOW_LARGE_STORAGE</span><span class="o">=</span>yes<span class="w"> </span>tests/venv/bin/avocado<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>--verbose<span class="w"> </span>--show<span class="o">=</span>app,console<span class="w"> </span>run<span class="w"> </span>-t<span class="w"> </span>machine:bpim2u<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>../tests/avocado/boot_linux_console.py
|
||
</pre></div>
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